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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z 0-9

Infectious disease, development, and climate change: a scenario analysis

Author: Richard S.J. Tol, Kristie L. Ebi, Gary W. Yohe
Organisation: Environment and Development Economics 12: 687–706
Publish Date: 2007
Country: Sub-Saharan Africa
Sector: Health
Method: Scenarios
Theme: Infectious Diseases
Type: Journal
Language: English
Tags: Infectious disease, development, climate change, scenario, analysis, health

ABSTRACT. We study the effects of development and climate change on infectious diseases in Sub-Saharan Africa. Infant mortality and infectious disease are closely related, but there are better data for the former. In an international cross-section, per capita income, literacy, and absolute poverty significantly affect infant mortality. We use scenarios of these three determinants and of climate change to project the future incidence of malaria, assuming it to change proportionally to infant mortality. Malaria deaths will first increase, because of population growth and climate change, but then fall, because of development. This pattern is robust to the choice of scenario, parameters, and starting conditions; and it holds for diarrhoea, schistosomiasis, and dengue fever as well. However, the timing and level of the mortality peak is very sensitive to assumptions. Climate change is important in the medium term, but dominated in the long term by development. As climate can only be changed with a substantial delay, development is the preferred strategy to reduce infectious diseases even if they are exacerbated by climate change. Development can, in particular, support the needed strengthening of disease control programs in the short run and thereby increase the capacity to cope with projected increases in infectious diseases over the medium to long term. This conclusion must, however, be viewed with caution.
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